A Comparative Study on The Growth Performance of Spinacia oleracea L. (Spinach) in Hydroponic and Soil-Based Systems

Significant environmental harm is caused by the global food production system, which also uses an enormous number of resources. Agriculture constitutes 60-70% of the total global water consumption, as reported by FAO in 2019. The practice of cultivating soil is currently encountering challenges due to various human activities, including industrialization and urbanization, soil fertility and quality depletion are … Read more