Comparative Assessment of Essential and Toxic Heavy Metals in Fresh and Smoked Seafood from Kaa Coastal Market, Rivers State, Nigeria: Implications for Human Health Risk

1.0 Introduction Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements that exist in trace concentrations in the environment but can become toxic when present at elevated levels in aquatic ecosystems. These metals enter aquatic systems through both natural processes such as weathering of rocks and anthropogenic activities including industrial discharge, petroleum exploration, agricultural runoff, and atmospheric deposition … Read more