Rice tungro virus (RTV) remains a significant threat to global rice production, causing substantial yield losses and economic hardships for farmers. Host plant resistance stands out as a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to mitigate the impact of RTV. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the host plant resistance mechanisms against RTV in rice and delve into the genetic basis of resistance, highlighting major resistance genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with RTV resistance. Furthermore, discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance, including recognition, signaling pathways, and defense responses triggered upon RTV infection. The role of genetic diversity in shaping resistance patterns and the potential for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding RTV-resistant rice cultivars are also examined. Additionally, explore emerging strategies such as genome editing and RNA interference (RNAi) for enhancing RTV resistance in rice. Insights gained from this comprehensive exploration of host plant resistance mechanisms provide valuable guidance for breeding programs and crop management strategies aimed at enhancing RTV resistance and ensuring sustainable rice production.